Apache ActiveMQ Artemis has its own Resource Manager for handling the lifespan of JTA transactions. When a transaction is started the resource manager is notified and keeps a record of the transaction and its current state. It is possible in some cases for a transaction to be started but then forgotten about. Maybe the client died and never came back. If this happens then the transaction will just sit there indefinitely.
To cope with this Apache ActiveMQ Artemis can, if configured, scan for old transactions
and rollback any it finds. The default for this is 3000000 milliseconds
(5 minutes), i.e. any transactions older than 5 minutes are removed.
This timeout can be changed by editing the transaction-timeout
property in broker.xml (value must be in
milliseconds). The property transaction-timeout-scan-period configures
how often, in milliseconds, to scan for old transactions.
Please note that Apache ActiveMQ Artemis will not unilaterally rollback any XA transactions in a prepared state - this must be heuristically rolled back via the management API if you are sure they will never be resolved by the transaction manager.